Hydro Energy

Modern hydro technology taps the kinetic energy of flowing water to spin a turbine, producing mechanical energy that is converted into electricity. Conventional hydro facilities represent a major source of green power in Massachusetts, in neighboring states, and elsewhere in the United States. Unfortunately, they employ dams or diversion structures that change the character of freshwater environments and may have significant adverse impacts on habitats and wildlife.

In the Cape & Islands region, waterwheels provided mechanical power to grind grain and meet other energy needs of early settlers. New installations of conventional hydro technologies are unlikely due to environmental concerns and the low-energy nature of local rivers and streams. At old mill sites and in other locations where manmade structures already restrict flows, retrofit applications of low-impact hydro technologies might prove feasible.

Emerging free-flow technologies may find freshwater applications in the upper reaches of tidal basins, but they are much more likely to contribute to the local electricity supply portfolio if installed in saltwater environments where tidal fluctuations and ocean currents are more substantial. Many free-flow hydro, tidal current, and ocean current systems are similar in nature. All represent options for harnessing the energy of water in motion without irrevocably alternating aquatic habitats.

This section will highlight hydro technologies being considered for use in the Cape & Islands region, and it will provide information on local energy resources and development activities.

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